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What’s the Difference Between a Bank and a Credit Union?

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10 MIN. READ

 

Key takeaways:

 
  • Banks are typically for-profit and shareholder-owned, while credit unions are not-for-profit cooperatives owned by their members.
  • Both banks and credit unions offer similar banking products, but the rates and terms can vary.
  • Credit unions may offer competitive rates, lower fees, local service, and financial guidance, but it is important to compare each institution’s products, access, and account terms.
From receiving your first paycheck to managing your finances after retirement, a financial institution can be a lifelong partner that supports your goals and helps you reach important financial milestones.

However, not all financial institutions are the same. If you’re opening an account for the first time or considering a change, comparing banks and credit unions can help you choose an institution that aligns with your needs, priorities, and financial goals.
 

Bank Vs Credit Union: What Is the Main Difference Between a Bank and a Credit Union?

The main difference between a bank and a credit union is ownership. Banks are typically for-profit institutions owned by shareholders or private owners, while credit unions are not-for-profit cooperatives owned by their members.

The main difference between a bank and a credit union is ownership. Banks are typically for-profit institutions owned by shareholders or private owners, while credit unions are not-for-profit cooperatives owned by their members.

Both banks and credit unions may offer checking accounts, savings accounts, loans, credit cards, online banking, and mobile banking. However, their business models, membership requirements, pricing, and local service models can differ.
 
Feature Banks Credit Unions
Ownership Usually owned by shareholders or private owners Member-owned cooperative
Profit model For-profit Not-for-profit; earnings are generally returned to members through rates, fees, services, or reserves
Eligibility Usually open to the general public Membership eligibility may apply
Deposit/share insurance FDIC insurance at participating banks NCUA share insurance at federally insured credit unions
Standard insurance coverage Generally up to $250,000 per depositor, per insured bank, per ownership category Generally up to $250,000 per member-owner, per federally insured credit union, per ownership category
Rates and fees Vary widely by institution and product Vary widely; often competitive, but not usually lower
Branch and ATM access May have large proprietary networks May rely on local branches, CO-OP/shared branching, and ATM networks
Digital banking Varies by institution, largely available Varies by institution, largely available


How Do Banks Work?

Banks are for-profit institutions that offer a range of financial services. Fees and interest paid on loans can help cover operating costs and generate profits.

Depending on the institution, profits may be paid to shareholders as dividends or reinvested in new branches, digital services, staffing, technology, or other business initiatives.


How Do Credit Unions Work?

Credit unions are member-owned, not-for-profit financial cooperatives. Their goal is to generate enough revenue to cover expenses, build reserves, and continue serving members.

When a credit union generates a surplus, it may be returned to members through lower fees, competitive deposit rates, lower loan rates, improved services, or investments in the member experience.

Credit unions often have a defined field of membership, which may be based on where you live, work, attend school, worship, volunteer, or an eligible family relationship. Many credit unions have expanded eligibility options over time, so it is worth reviewing membership requirements before applying.


Are Credit Unions Cheaper Than Banks?

Credit unions often offer competitive fees and rates, but consumers should compare each institution’s account disclosures, annual percentage yields, APRs, minimum-balance requirements, ATM policies, and eligibility requirements.
 

Do Credit Unions Have Lower Fees?

Credit unions may offer lower or fewer fees than some banks because of their member-owned, not-for-profit structure. However, costs vary by institution and account type.

Before opening an account, compare:
 
  • Monthly maintenance fees.
  • Minimum balance requirements.
  • Overdraft policies and fees.
  • ATM fees and surcharge-free ATM access.
  • Wire-transfer fees.
  • Debit-card replacement fees.
  • Savings-account and certificate minimums.

Do Banks and Credit Unions Offer the Same Banking Products?

Banks and credit unions often offer many of the same everyday banking products and financial services. Whether you choose a bank or a credit union, you can typically find options to manage spending and plan for future financial goals.

Common products available through both banks and credit unions include:
 
  • Checking accounts for everyday spending, direct deposits, debit-card purchases, and bill payments.
  • Savings accounts, money market accounts, and certificates to help grow your savings.
  • Credit cards, personal loans, and auto loans for financing important purchases, managing debt, and building credit.
  • Mortgage loans, home equity loans, and home equity lines of credit.
  • Retirement accounts, such as IRAs, along with investment or insurance services through the institution or affiliated providers.
  • Online banking, mobile apps, mobile check deposit, bill pay, account alerts, and debit-card controls.
The main difference is usually not whether an institution offers a product, but the specific fees and the level of service offered. Before you sign up for a banking product, always review the terms and conditions to make sure it’s a good match for your needs.
 

Do Credit Unions Offer Better Savings Rates?

Credit unions may offer competitive APYs on savings accounts, money market accounts, and certificates. For instance, as of Q4 2025, the average five-year CD rate was 2.83% at credit unions and 2.11% at banks. Individual institutions can differ significantly, so compare current rates and terms before opening an account.


Do Credit Unions Offer Lower Loan Rates?

Credit unions may offer competitive APRs on auto loans, personal loans, credit cards, mortgages, and other lending products. Because credit unions are member-owned, they may use earnings to support member pricing and services.

As of Q4 2025, credit unions charged an average APR of 5.53% on a 48-month used car loan, while banks charged an average APR of 7.73% for the same product.

However, you should keep in mind that loan terms depend on your credit history, income, debt, collateral, loan amount, and the lender’s underwriting standards. Compare offers from more than one lender before making a decision.
 

Do Credit Unions Have Branches, ATMs, and Digital Banking?

Banks and credit unions can both offer online banking, mobile apps, remote check deposit, bill pay, mobile payments, account alerts, and card-management tools.

Branch and ATM access depends on the institution. Banks may operate broad proprietary branch networks, while credit unions may offer access through their own branches, shared-branching networks, or surcharge-free ATM networks.

When comparing institutions, look at the locations you use most often near home, work, school, and frequently traveled areas and confirm whether the digital tools you rely on are available.


Are Credit Unions as Safe as Banks?

Federally insured credit unions and FDIC-insured banks both protect eligible deposits or shares up to applicable federal insurance limits.

At a federally insured credit union, the National Credit Union Share Insurance Fund generally insures accounts up to $250,000 per member-owner, per federally insured credit union, per ownership category. Some joint, retirement, trust, and beneficiary accounts may qualify for additional coverage.
 

How Are Credit Unions Regulated?

Credit unions operate in a regulated environment designed to protect consumers. Federally insured credit unions receive share insurance through the National Credit Union Administration, while FDIC-insured banks receive deposit insurance through the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.

Both institutions offer similar guarantees, with the NCUA and FDIC insuring deposits of up to $250,000 per individual, account category, and insured institution.


Do Credit Unions Offer Secure Digital Banking?

There is a common misconception that credit unions are behind when it comes to modern digital banking. Many credit unions offer digital banking tools such as online account access, mobile check deposit, card controls, account alerts, online bill pay, and mobile payments. Security features and available tools vary by institution, but you can easily find credit unions that offer a great online banking experience.

Before opening an account, review the financial institution’s security resources, fraud-reporting process, account alerts, card controls, and customer-service availability.


Do Credit Unions Offer More Personalized Financial Guidance?

Credit unions are structured to promote member well-being rather than generate returns for outside shareholders.

That structure can support a banking experience where community and relationships are valued. A credit union representative may take time to understand your goals and help you explore products that fit your needs. Many credit unions also provide financial education and budgeting tools to help you better manage your money.

Banks can also provide helpful advice and strong customer service. However, because these institutions exist to generate a profit, your experience may be that your bank is trying to sell you new products rather than recommending what’s in your best interest.  


How Do Credit Unions Support Local Communities?

Credit unions are often deeply connected to the communities they serve. As local employers, they create jobs and provide career opportunities for people in the area. They also help keep money circulating locally by serving residents, providing financial education, and offering loans and other financial services to individuals and small businesses.

Many credit unions also support their community through charitable donations,  scholarships, youth programs, and sponsoring local events. 


Do Banks and Credit Unions Offer Business Banking?

Both banks and credit unions can provide business banking services.

Larger banks may offer broader commercial product lines and larger loan amounts, but credit unions are ideal if you’re looking for a local financial partner. Credit unions may also offer more tailored solutions for small businesses and be more likely to consider your overall financial picture when making a decision.

Typically, businesses are more likely to get approved for a loan when working with a smaller institution, and business owners report higher satisfaction rates when working with credit unions compared to alternatives like online lenders.
 

How Do I Switch From a Bank to a Credit Union?

Switching from a bank to a credit union is manageable when you complete the process in the right order. Avoid closing your former account until direct deposits, automatic payments, checks, and outstanding debit-card transactions have fully cleared.
 

1. Assess Your Financial Needs and Goals

Before switching, reflect on what you need from a financial institution. Consider your day-to-day banking needs, savings goals, borrowing plans, preferred branch locations, ATM access, digital banking tools, and customer-service preferences.

Whether you are planning for homeownership, building savings, paying down debt, or preparing for retirement, having clear financial priorities can help you choose the right account and institution.


2. Research Local Credit Unions and Membership Requirements

Compare local credit unions by reviewing account fees, rates, branch and ATM access, digital tools, product options, customer-service availability, and membership eligibility.

Membership requirements can depend on your location, employer, school, family relationship, or another eligible connection.

If you’re in South Florida, Power Financial Credit Union is a local credit union you should consider joining. Power Financial Credit Union has served South Florida since 1951. If you live, work, or attend school in South Florida, review PFCU’s membership requirements to see whether you are eligible to join.


3. Open Your New Credit Union Account

Your credit union will verify your identity when you open an account. Depending on the institution, you may need:
 
  • A state-issued ID.
  • Proof of address.
  • Your Social Security number.
  • A secondary form of identification
  • Proof of citizenship or resident-alien status, if required.
At PFCU, eligible members can open an account online or visit a PFCU branch for assistance.

PFCU offers checking options designed for different needs, including Regular Checking, Cash-Back Checking, Student Checking, and Teen Checking. Compare PFCU checking accounts to find the features that fit your household.


4. Transfer Direct Deposits and Automatic Payments

Once your new account is open, update your direct-deposit information with your employer and any government-benefit, pension, or other income providers.

Then update recurring payments such as utilities, rent or mortgage payments, insurance premiums, subscriptions, and loan payments. Online bill pay can help you manage recurring expenses and avoid missed payments.

PFCU members can use the direct deposit form and online bill pay tools to begin transferring recurring banking activity.


5. Move Remaining Funds and Monitor Your Old Account

Transfer your remaining balance only after confirming that outstanding checks, debit-card purchases, automatic payments, and deposits have cleared.

Download prior statements for your records and monitor your old account long enough to confirm you have not missed any recurring activity.


6. Close Your Old Bank Account

Once all transactions are complete, contact your former bank to close the account. Some institutions allow account closures online or by phone, while others require an in-person visit or written request.

PFCU provides a request to close account form that may help simplify the process.


7. Set Up Online and Mobile Banking

After opening your account, enroll in online and mobile banking so you can check balances, pay bills, review transactions, and manage your money on the go.

PFCU members can register through the online banking portal and download the Power Financial Credit Union mobile app.


How Can PFCU Members Make the Most of Their Membership?

PFCU members can explore products and services that support everyday banking, saving, borrowing, and long-term planning, including:
 

Should You Choose a Bank or a Credit Union?

A bank may be a fit if you want a specific national branch network, a particular digital platform, or a product that is not available through a local credit union.

A credit union may be a fit if you value member ownership, community-based service, competitive products, and eligibility for a local institution’s membership.

Compare your options carefully, including fees, rates, insurance coverage, account access, product availability, mobile features, and customer support. The best choice is the one that meets your current needs while supporting your future financial goals.
 

Join Power Financial Credit Union

If you live, work, or attend school in South Florida, Power Financial Credit Union may be able to help you manage your money, save for future goals, and explore borrowing options.

Learn more about PFCU membership eligibility or contact a PFCU representative to get started.
 

FAQ

 

Are credit unions better than banks?

It depends on your needs. A credit union may be a good fit for members seeking local service, competitive rates, and a member-owned structure, while banks may offer broader branch networks or specialized products.


Are credit unions as safe as banks?

Yes, when federally insured. NCUA-insured credit unions and FDIC-insured banks generally protect eligible funds up to $250,000 per owner, per institution, and per ownership category.


Do credit unions offer the same services as banks?

Often, yes. Both can offer checking, savings, certificates, credit cards, loans, mortgages, online banking, mobile apps, bill pay, and mobile check deposit.


Why do credit unions often have competitive rates and fees?

Credit unions are not-for-profit and member-owned. This means they may use earnings to support competitive savings rates, loan rates, fees, and member services instead of paying outside shareholders.


Do credit unions have mobile banking and ATMs?

Many do. Features can include mobile apps, mobile check deposit, online bill pay, account alerts, debit-card controls, shared branches, and surcharge-free ATM access.


Are credit unions good for loans?

Credit unions may offer competitive rates for auto loans, credit cards, personal loans, mortgages, and home equity products. Your actual rate and approval depend on your finances and credit profile.


Can a credit union help my small business?

Many credit unions offer business checking, savings, credit cards, lines of credit, and small-business loans. Options vary, so compare products, loan limits, rates, and eligibility requirements.